The basis of materials science involves studying the structure of materials, and relating them to their properties (mechanical, electrical etc.). Liberty Ship Esso Manhattanįrom a functional perspective, the role of a materials scientist is to develop or synthesize new materials, whereas a materials engineer is called upon to create new products or systems using existing materials and to develop techniques for processing materials. In contrast, materials engineering is, on the basis of these structure–property correlations, designing or engineering the structure of a material to produce a predetermined set of properties. The discipline of materials science involves investigating the relationships that exist between the structures and properties of materials. Sometimes it is useful to subdivide the discipline of materials science and engineering into materials science and materials engineering subdisciplines. The intellectual origins of materials science stem from the Enlightenment, when researchers began to use analytical thinking from chemistry, physics, and engineering to understand ancient, phenomenological observations in metallurgy and mineralogy. Materials science is one of the oldest forms of engineering and applied science and The material of choice of a given era is often a defining point (e.g. Materials science and engineering is interdisciplinar and very important branch of study, which deals with the design and discovery of new materials, particularly solids.
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